To Deny the Right to Life, We Must Know When Life Begins
During his majority opinion during the Roe v Wade trial of 1973, Justice Harry Blackmun said,
“The judiciary, at this point in the development of man’s knowledge, is not in a position to… resolve the difficult question of when life begins… since those trained in the respective disciplines of medicine, philosophy, and theology are unable to arrive at any consensus.” (Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113. 1973)
In other words, since various religions, philosophers, and scientists were not been able to agree on when life begins, the court would not take a position on when life begins. To have made such a statement in 1973 was both historically and scientifically dishonest, and suggests that Blackmun was either woefully ignorant of advances in biology, or had other unscientific motivations for ruling as he did.
the right to life from our documentary film:
Is It True That Science Had No Consensus
on the Beginning of Human Life in 1973?
The simple answer is, no. Science had asserted since the 1860′s that human life at any stage of development was human, and that unborn children thus deserved all the rights and liberties of a natural born citizen. In the time between 1860 and 1973, scientific knowledge in biology and genetics exploded with new insights and discoveries, and they only served to more deeply and accurately confirm the life of an unborn child.
To demonstrate this, I’ll start start by examining the laws that were on the books in 1973 that the court called unconstitutional, and then look at the scientific discoveries that got those laws passed. From there, we’ll take a brief walk through the history of life science in the 20th century, enough to show that the Supreme Court of 1973 ruled in abject denial of the facts.
According to British Common Law, a fetus was considered living the moment a mother first felt the baby kick—a moment they called “quickening.” From that point on, the unborn baby was a human citizen of the nation of his/her parents, and heir to all of the protections and liberties afforded those citizens.
In the 1860′s, a movement was led by medical doctors(not religious enthusiasts) to take the common law a step futher. These doctors declared that that unborn children at any stage were human. In fact, as early as 1857, the American Medical Association stated, “the independent and actual existence of the child before birth as a living being is a matter of objective science.” As a result of this movement, laws were passed in all 50 states prohibiting abortions. These were the laws on the books that were challenged at a federal level in 1973 by the Roe v Wade and Doe v Bolton decisions.
What They Knew About Human Life Before 1973
Now, abortion supporters might argue that a scientific decision made in 1857 is primitive and untrustworthy, since we’ve made so much progress with technology in the past century, and in 1857 they didn’t have the instruments available to study life at its earliest stages. In 1857, they had no electricity; they weren’t even driving cars. But a cursory glance at the history of biology lays this criticism to rest. Not only was there enough knowledge in the 1860′s to drive doctors to call the human embryo a living human being, but the research that followed it for next hundred years only served to repeatedly confirm their decision.Here’s a very brief history of seminal discoveries in cellular biology, embryology, and genetics, ALL occurring before the Roe v Wade decision:
- 1651: Harvey promotes the existence of ova in humans.
- 1665: Hooke discovers the cell using a compound microscope while observing plant matter.
- 1785: Spallanzani performs the first artifical insemination using frog eggs.
- 1838: Schwann and Schleiden propose that the cell is the fundamental building block of living things.
- 1840: Roelliker discovers that sperm cells and egg cells are also cells.
- 1856: Pringsheim reveals how a sperm penetrates an egg.
- 1865: Mendel discovers that organisms inherit traits on pairs, one from each parent, some of which are dominant, some of which are recessive.
- 1876: Hertwig demonstrates fertilization for the first time.
- 1879-83: Flemming discovers chromosomes, describes their behavior during mitosis, and publishes the chromosome theory of heredity.
- 1892: Weismen publishes the theory that chromosomes contain the information responsible for the self-propelling development of embryos into fetuses.
- 1900: Karl Correns discovers that some gene pairs are neither dominant or recessive, but result in a new blended trait.
- 1902: Walter Sutton discovers the location of genetic material within the cell.
- 1929: Levene identifies the components on DNA and shows how they are connected.
- 1935: Spemann discovers embryonic induction — the process by which a zygote develops into a fetus.
- 1944: Oswald Avery demonstrates that genes are made up of DNA.
- 1953: Watson and Crick discover the double helix of the DNA molecule.
- 1957: Crick accurately predicts the relationship between DNA, RNA, proteins, and the concept of genetic sequencing.
- 1961: The genetic code is deciphered(Crick, Brenner, Nirenberg and Matthaei.)
Did you catch that final entry? They had already cracked the genetic code 12 years before Roe V Wade! They already knew that a human embryo contained a unique genetic signature, never to be repeated. They knew the embryo was self-propelling, containing all of the information it would need to grow into an adult human being. They knew the genetic information in the embryo was not the same as the genome of the mother–in other words, they knew that the embryo was not the mother’s body, since every cell in her body carries exclusively her own DNA.
The first court case to use DNA testing to condemn someone to death was in 1988. It’s ironic, isn’t it, that U.S. courts will admit the unique DNA signature of a criminal in order to condemn him to death, but won’t acknowledge the unique signature of unborn children in order to protect their lives?
The Testimony of the Embryology Textbooks of the Day
The Supreme Court clearly didn’t know their history, or else chose to deny it. The evidence that fertilization marks the beginning of human life was so overwhelming that it was already present in the embryology textbooks of the time:
- “… the culmination of the process of fertilization marks the initiation of the life of a new individual.” (Clark Edward Corliss, Patten’s Human Embryology: Elements of Clinical Development. New York: McGraw Hill, 1976. p. 30.)
- “The term conception refers to the union of the male and female pronuclear elements of procreation from which a new living being develops… The zygote thus formed represents the beginning of a new life.” (J.P. Greenhill and E.A. Friedman, Biological Principles and Modern Practice of Obstetrics. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1974. pp. 17, 23.)
- “Every time a sperm cell and ovum unite a new being is created which is alive and will continue to live unless its death is brought about by some specific condition.” (E.L. Potter and J.M. Craig, Pathology of the Fetus and the Infant, 3rd edition. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1975. p. vii.)
Where were these expert opinions during Roe V Wade and Doe V Bolton? If the laws being challenged state that from the earliest point, an unborn child is heir to all of the protections and liberties afforded to natural citizens, then the challengers should have been obligated to supply evidence beyond a reasonable doubt that a fetus is a non-living, non-human, non-person. But the court did just the opposite. The court chose to state that until it could be proved that a fetus was a living human person, they would have no rights under law.
And yet, even under the weight of this backwards and unfair disadvantage, the sad truth is that science already had proven this point.
The Testimony of Biology Experts to the U.S. Subcommittee in 1981
Only eight years after the Roe decision, a United States Senate judiciary subcommittee received testimony about the beginning of human life from top field biologists, gynecologists, obstetricians, embryologists, and genetecists, including:
- Professor Hymie Gordon (Mayo Clinic)
- Professor Micheline Matthews-Roth (Harvard University Medical School)
- Dr. Watson A. Bowes (University of Colorado Medical School)
- Dr. Ashley Montague (geneticist, professor at Harvard and Rutgers)
- Dr. Jerome LeJeune (professor of genetics at the University of Descartes in Paris. Discovered the chromosome pattern of Down Syndrome)
- Dr. Alfred M. Bongioanni (professor of pediatrics and obstetrics at the University of Pennsylvania)
- Dr. Landrum Shettles(attending obstetrician-gynecologist at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center in New York. Pioneer in sperm biology, fertility, and sterility. Discovered male and female-producing sperm. His intrauterine photographs of preborn children appear in over fifty medical textbooks.)
This is no motley crew of closet pro-life activists. This is an internationally elite group of experts in genetics, embryology, and human biology. Here are a few tiny snippets of their testimony to the subcommittee:
- “It is incorrect to say that biological data cannot be decisive…It is scientifically correct to say that an individual human life begins at conception.” (Roth)
- “I have learned from my earliest medical education that human life begins at the time of conception.” (Bongioanni)
- “After fertilization has taken place a new human being has come into being. [It] is no longer a matter of taste or opinion… it is plain experimental evidence. Each individual has a very neat beginning, at conception.” (LeJeune)
- “By all the criteria of modern molecular biology, life is present from the moment of conception.” (Gordon)
- “The beginning of a single human life is from a biological point of view a simple and straightforward matter— the beginning is conception.” (Bowes)
The expert testimonies produced such an overwhelming consensus that the official Senate report reached this conclusion: “Physicians, biologists, and other scientists agree that conception marks the beginning of the life of a human being – a being that is alive and is a member of the human species. There is overwhelming agreement on this point in countless medical, biological, and scientific writings.”
The problem is that the center of the case for the Roe verdict was based on the assertion that there is no consensus for when human life begins, a center which did not hold then and holds even less now, as genetic evidence continues to mount in favor of the life of human embryos.
Ironically, modern pro-abortion writers do not try to defend their case as Blackmun did. They know better. In the next article, we will supply ample evidence direct from the mouths of informed, pro-abortion supporters that they know that abortion kills a living human being, and yet still find it justifiable. We will take a close look at the arguments they make for discriminating between living human beings who have rights, and living human beings who do not have rights. (Does that kind of talk remind you of anything?)
For more evidence directly form the mouths of experts in life sciences, first hand accounts from previous owners of abortion clinics, and direct testimony from women who have had abortions, order your copy of Blood Money Film today. It will change your life.
“Discriminating between humans who have rights, and those who don’t”? Sounds like they are more about Nazi-esque Eugenics than actual science.
Everything about abortion reminds me of a Holocaust: from the justifications, the horrific inhuman acts, right down to the complacency of the people who think it doesn’t affect them, so why make a fuss. It’s a world-wide ghastly occurance that I hope future generations will look back at and shudder to think how ignorant and inhumane the world was.
Excellent article! Congratulations on the new blog.
I love arguing the scientific fact that the unborn are human beings. It disarms those who want to pretend that we’re anti-science. Your article is another great weapon in that fight.
Pingback: “Is It True That Science Had No Consensus on the Beginning of Human Life in 1973?” « Eternity Matters
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i think we’ve long known america is a for profit regardless of right and wrong corporation
fs
Two years after the United States Senate judiciary subcommittee hearings, expert witnesses such as Dr. Jerome Lejeune and former abortionist Dr. Bernard Nathanson likewise presented their expert testimony in Canada in 1983. They were accepted as experts in their field during the Trial For Life in the Court of Queen’s Bench for Saskatchewan, at which Joseph Borowski and his lawyer, Dr. Morris Shumiatcher, presented evidence on the humanity of the unborn in order to stop government funding of abortion. Dr. Lejeune explained that the life of each individual new human being “begins at the instant that all the necessary and sufficient information is combined in order to define the new being. That is right from the beginning.” He also stated that “If, and I hope God will never permit that – the Pope was saying that abortion was killing nobody, I would stop being a Catholic for scientific reasons, because no moral authority can make me belive that discarding an early human being is not discarding a human being.” All their scientific evidence was ignored by the Supreme Court of Canada in 1988 in its decision that abortion laws were unconstitutional.
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thanks
We need to spread this info.
The Facebook like button doesn’t seem to be working. As of 2/11/2011 9:33am.
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Alex, thanks. Should be working now.
FANTASTIC work! I am convinced that the pro-life movement in general is gaining significant momentum in this information age where groups and institutions who haven’t the excessive funds as compared to anti-life life instutitions (like Planned Parenthood) are capable of pooling their resources to get his kind of information out to the general public. Information like this is INVALUABLE. The work of LiveAction in exposing Planned Parenthood is INVALUABLE. The work of people like Debbie Vinnage at COG4Life is INVALUABLE. Judy Brown at American Life League; Marjorie Dannenfelser at the Susan B Anthony List; everyone working for GAP (the Genocide Awareness Project) and their highly compelling, brutally honest expose of what abortion IS and what it does to babies…. I could go on. But yes, many thanks and commendations to you for this blog! I’ll be watching on the Blood Money screenings in the coming weeks, and you can bet I’ll be following this blog and spreading it far and wide. God bless you for your tremendous work!
Most sincerely,
-Andrew Ellis
The facts are there, like them or not, but they are being ignored. It’s a scenario much like the Emperors’ new clothes: they may not exist unless everyone agrees that they do. So everyone who is pro-abortion agrees that the new being does not exist, and that even comes from the sitting Supreme Court to the president of the country, inspite of the evidence to the contrary that the pro-life contingency of the country acknowledges. But what is the impact on the powerful pro-abortion lobby, which chooses to ignore the obvious: that life begins at conception, and that a majority of pro-abortionists in the country are allowing the slaughter of innocent life? How are we to stop the killing? When is the madness going to end? Must we wait for them to diminish in numbers and replace them with pro-lifers? How long must we wait, while the innocent are killed? It makes me cringe to think of it, yet the killing continues!
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Yes it is sometimes very disheartening. We have the same problem of indifference here in England but we have to continue praying and making a point of …………making our point to all and sundry.
thank you so much for the information. I need more time to read it carefully. At the moment, I´m translating the report by David Ferguson about abortion and mental health. I´m really interested in people knowing the truth, without manipulation.
regards from Spain
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Thank you, podrias indicarme donde encontrar tu traduccion al espanol. Gracias
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Fine essay. But please avoid quoting the likes of Ashley Montague. He was the Peter Singer of the sixties, a shameless eugenicist who favored exterminating those living marginally.
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Edward, I wasn’t aware that Montague had a eugenic perspective. Do you know which of his works presents this view?
I think its telling that even someone who believes in eugenics, when confronted with the facts of embryology, would testify that life begins at conception.
When it comes to big government liberals and others on the left, facts are not important. The only thing that matters to them is that that they get what they want and that there is no moral authority telling them what they can and can’t do with their bodies when sex is involved.
They can force you to wear a seat belt in a car, but don’t try to tell a woman she can’t kill a baby growing in her womb. They can force you to buy health insurance, but don’t try to keep your tax dollars from funding government provided abortions. They can arrest you for protesting too close to an abortion center, but don’t try label the slaughter of unborn human beings as murder.
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You are so spot on Stephen. I picket at my neighborhood abortion clinic, but the killing goes on. The doctor comes out and confronts me and my friend and we tell him, stop the killing and we will stop coming here. What is our world coming to. I cry for the babies whose mangled bodies and blood flows needlessly while their mothers maintain their pro-choice rights–PRO-CHOICE TO MURDER, plain and simple. Roz
When I was studying medical terminology, I was surprised that Taber’s Medical Dictionary had been changed by the ideology of abortionists. Instead of proven scientific fact that human life begin’s upon fertilization of the egg by a male sperm, the definition had been changed to say that life begins at implantation (implantation of the fertilized ovum/egg to the wall of the woman’s uterus). I decided to research why this had happened. It turned out that many of our state laws were decidedly against abortion, and yet the contraceptive industry wanted to be able to market their pills to women without any problems. Because the pills were abortifacient, each state with anti-abortion laws could say that the pill caused abortions and would have to be banned. The reason the pill caused abortions was because the chemicals in the pill were meant to make the mother’s uterine lining toxic to the newly formed life and that life would not be able to attach itself for nourishment and would die.
So the contraceptive industry decided it would change the scientific definition of when life begins. It had embryologists enraged because they knew the contraceptive industry was subverting scientific fact to their own ends to fool the people into believing that the pill didn’t destroy life. With the new false definition published in Taber’s Medical Dictionary and I’m sure other medical textbooks, they defined life as beginning “upon implantation”–which wouldn’t happen if the pill did what it was created to do. Therefore, they reasoned, the pill didn’t kill a new life because it never implanted.
At the time I discovered this deception, I had to make a presentation for a garde in my class and so I researched what the pill is all about and what it is supposed to do. When I provided evidence to my teacher, a nurse of many years, she admitted that she was not aware of this fact, and felt sure that many doctors who prescibe contraceptives didn’t know either. I told her to tell them, and everyone in my class now knew the truth.
So, pleases spread the truth to people you know. It will save lives, including possibly their own, because the pill is also responsible for blood clots in women–even the low dose ones. Ask a pharmacist to give you the pamphlet that the contraceptive manufacturer supplies to them as pharmacists and you’ll read a long sheet of paper showing the risks associated with contraceptives.
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That’s very interesting. Do you know if the pamphlet issued to pharmacists is available also in England ?
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An excellent critique of the lying anti-life agenda and an education in the reality of the living proof of the unborn baby from the moment of conception.
Congratulations on your article.
God bless
Daniel
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Wonderful blog full of undeniable truth! I’ve linked to this blog on my own blog, and will follow, as well.
Thank you for the work you do-to speak the truth, and stand up for the innocent pre-born babies.
May God Bless you for your work.
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Great article. The people on the other side are enraged and have things totally twisted.
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I and my son along w/others went to the State House 45 years ago to protest abortion and would to this day. Great article! I am printing it to give to many. AND you are so right. Roe vs Wade knew and ignored the facts before them
I whole-heartedly love your article… just a small recommendation. The books you site under the section “The Testimony of the Embryology Textbooks of the Day” are all citations from AFTER Roe v. Wade was decided. I think it would make an already excellent article “air tight” if you could find quotes from before the decision was made since you are trying to make the argument that the texts at “the day” (i.e., 1973) were all stating life began at conception.
Excellent work, though; grateful for all you do!
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Mary, thanks for reading with a detailed eye.
You’re right, the publishing dates of the textbooks are a year or two after the Roe vs Wade decision, and I think it would be worthwhile to find a few with even earlier dates.
But for everyone’s peace of mind, I would like to add that textbook publishing is by nature a conservative process. Newly published theories without a strong historical basis are not stated as fact in textbooks; often they won’t be mentioned at all for many years to come. Textbooks normally lag behind the cutting edge of science by at least several years, and that doesn’t include the time it takes to write, produce, and print them. For a published textbook to propose something as fact in 1975 says that the knowledge was already well circulated among experts in the field in 1973.
Having said that, I still agree with you that a “1972″ pub date would pack a stronger punch.
I was a victim of abortion – I was one of the woman who was counseled into having one, and as a result I’ve lost two children. I have nothing to say to people who work for and with doctors who perform those procedures. I have only the hope that somehow my children can forgive me the horrible choice I made that ended a life then and denied life afterwards due to complications.
People need to see abortion for what it is, and realize the pain and suffering it’s causing our nation.
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Stan, I believe what Lisa means when she says “victim” is that her counseling did not warn her about the long term physical and psychological problems many women experience after having an abortion. Women are told that it is a safe and simple surgery, no different that removing a blood clot, but the evidence says otherwise.
We both agree that people can’t take rights away from others. The question is … do all human beings have rights, or just some human beings?
When a woman is lied to and told there is no baby, nothing alive, it’s just tissue, by a medical person who should know the truth, she is a victim.
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first all decisions should be informed. I challenge you go into an abortion clinic and try to get accurate information about what an abortion procedure is. They don’t want you to have it it is ugly and might sway your decision ( no money for them) and then try to get accurate information about adoption. They don’t want you to have that either ( also no money for them) second the right to make the wrong decision is still wrong. Since you are so concerned about women’s rights what about the thousands of children aborted based on a gender preference. Does your concern not include their rights? I think you should remove emotion and follow logic further into your argument.
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Lisa you are the perfect person to help people avoid the same damage as you. Get involved. Your children are in heaven, they have forgiven you now go and get forgiveness for yourself. Forgive yourself and join the fight to educate the children so they will not be sent down this terrible path. Get involved save some doctors before it is too late for them.
Do not be confused by the term “powerful” abortion lobby. Our tax dollars have made this bohemoth. Were it not for the billions of dollars (over the last 40 years) being poured into supporting organizations that promote abortion (eg Planned Parenthood), there would not be this huge machine, murdering the unborn. Those who sat quietly by and did not speak up, will be accountable. Now we find out just how corrupt PP is, giving advice on how to hide the sexual abuse of children and procure abortion and contraceptive services for same. Yet, do you see PP being ‘exposed’ on the nightly news? All life is precious and innoecent life is the most precious of all.
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Imagine if this Blood Money was used instead for Building Daycares and Nurseries.
If the Money Spent for years for Abortions was used for Clearly advancing Healthcare to those who coulnt afford it, and if 50,000,000.00 People were still here and even were going to other countries to help those nations rise up out of poverty of value for their own lives. Imagine…
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This film has helped me get the word out to people that just wouldn’t listen…Now they are. The effects it has on the women years later is kept secret, once she figures out that she really did kill her baby it is just heart wrenching. We need to get more women to speak up!
OUR JOB NOW IS TO GET THIS BLOG TO AS MANY AS POSSIBLE. EVERY BLOG YOU JOIN, YOUR EMAIL LIST, EVERYONE!
Thank You David for all your hard work to protect the unborn.
May the Lord give us the strength to take the heat in all the discussions here forward. In Jesus Name I Pray, Amen
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The following link is yet another milestone in the legal battle that will be happening within the next few days.
http://instantteleseminar.com/?eventid=17699817
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This article was right on target. The supreme court ignored what was already known that life begins at conception and that life in the mother’s womb under the natural law cann ot be destroyed by anyone. And this Roe vs Wade from the supreme court caused many persons to misinterpret that decision and believe that it is a law to kill an innocent person. What a shame so many abortions have happened since. Martin Drew
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I went to school in Florida in the 70′s. In my science class in 1975 all the students were given a full color brochure of the types of abortions being done. It showed all the fetuses destroyed by each method. I was 15 and totally horrified. I never knew people could be that cruel. I still have that brochure so I never forget the horror of our society. I have shared it with my three grown daughters when they were teenagers, who also are anti-abortion. I believe schools should pass that type of material out again. It showed the facts of what an abortion looked like. It showed a life.
I protested many times in my teens and a few times since then. I constantly call, and e-mail my congressman who is pro-abortion (but god forbid an owl dies on his watch) to please reconsider his position. He is an extreme liberal pro-abortion supporter, he also supports partial birth abortion. But the crazy thing is he voted that it would be a felony for a woman herself to cause a fetus she is carrying to abort. It just shows you it is all about money and immorality,
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The fact that life begins at conceptuion is indeed very old news and is well known by anyone who has taken high school biology. The fact that these scientific truths were ignored is indeed where part of the problem lies in thr RvW decission. However, the problem also lies in the fact that philosophy was brought into the decission making process to contradict what science had already proven. If this decission is constitutional then it remains that anybody who’s philosophy declares somebody else to be less than human has a right to kill that person. A second problem and possibly a legitimate constitutional question lies in the fact that religious opinion was included in the justice’s decission. Where was the ACLU when this went down?
When I first saw this video I knew we had a mission. We purchased multiple copies and continue to keep them moving in our area, especially to pastors and leaders.
We will be at it till we’re dead or Jesus comes back, whichever comes first.
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If you truly want to stop abortion than teach the children what it is before they are in crisis. Tell them young. Why is it that children as old as 12 in the 7th grade have no idea what abortion is? They know what sex is. The media is working hard to advertise and promote promiscuity of all forms telling our children that intimacy has no price. Our children pay the price for our silence. Tell them early while they will still hear you. They are valued and their children are valued.
What will the long term effects of the morning after pill be on our daughters. How many women are damaged by long term use of contraceptive chemicals? How many of them don’t understand the spread of disease. Do you know that these diseases cause sterility?The end of your genetic line. Billions of dollars are spent on advertising each year because it works. More money is spent on child and young adult advertising because they are most easily influenced. A child is not a choice a child is a grace, a blessing, a gift, an answer to prayer. Every child has ancestors at conception. They have an inherited name. They have the birth rights of their family. “I am the sum of my ancestors existence” “They have lived and died that I might be here today”
Pingback: Abortion – Pro Choice Advocates Admit Abortion Kills A Human Being | Rightlinks Blog – Greece: Setting the standard for Democrats everywhere
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Do you sell your DVDs to Australia? If so, how? Your website is refusing to sell outside of USA & Canada. I have emailed you last week and heard no response. I don’t care if its NTSC or PAL, Region 1 or 0; most DVDs players made (China) nowadays can play anything.
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John, currently we don’t, but we are upgrading to a new ordering system very soon which will give us more flexibility.
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Interesting post. Times certainly have changed! This is an example of how social norms regarding sex, contraception, pregnancy, sex ed, etc. have drastically shifted in the past 50 years. For better or worse? Sometimes I think yes, sometimes no. Either way, no one can deny this is one of the most polarizing topics today.
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im not infavor of blood money, the abortion business, life is more precious than money or what, we must focus on the main reason why we have unwanted children, everyone should make some precautions and so on before and on doing sex, to prevent unwanted child and abortion, abortion is a crime, it should not be legal and should be a business.. save life, not kill.. i think everyone should focus on having safety sex to prevent all.. thats my opinion, everyone should know this..
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It is truly a great and helpful piece of information. I am satisfied that you just shared this helpful information with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.